Linguistic Terminology

ENGL 3312--Dr. Jacobsen

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Linguistic Methodology

• Data
• Minimal Unit
• Environment

Phonology

• Sounds
• Phoneme
• Allophone
• Environmental Change
• Complementary Distribution
• Free Variation

Morphology

• Form
• Morpheme
• Free
• Bound
• Derivational
• Inflectional
• Allomorph

• Phonological/Morphological Change
• Complementary Distribution

• Free Variation
• Compounding

Syntax

• Word Order
• Phrase, Clause, Sentence
• Clause, Sentence, Discourse

Semantics

• Meaning
• Words, Phrases (Idioms), Lexicon
• Historical, Semantic, and Morphological Change
• Etymology, Etymon, Reflex

Graphics

· Phonology/Orthography

o Graphalect

· Grapheme

o Allograph

· Lexical, Phonological, Morphological, and Historical Change

Other Terms:

Vocal Tract

Consonant

Vowel

Diphthong

Manner of Articulation

Point of Articulation

Natural Class of Sounds

Homorganic Sounds

Grammar

• Synthetic (Inflectional)
• Analytic (Syntactic)

Synchronic History

Diachronic History